In Mexico, the Law Bites the Shoeless

What happens when a nation's elite no longer values the truth for its own sake? What happens when the custom of "sayings things as they are" becomes rude?
Comments [0]

What happens when a nation's elite no longer values the truth for its own sake? What happens when the custom of "sayings things as they are" becomes rude?
Comments [0]

As darkness settled in central Chile on the 3rd day after the Great Quake of February 2010, residents wielding metal pipes on the outskirts of Los Ángeles placed wooden barriers to block intruders from entering their neighborhood.
"We're trying to take care of the little we have here," said Ana Bedois, a 34 year-old mother of three infants. "We're here all night, first the mothers then the fathers".
Hobbesian Order
Thomas Hobbes once wrote that without Order imposed by higher authorities, people tend to act "without restraint" in order to dominate their neighbors. When this occurs, there is:
"no Industry... no Culture... no Knowledge... no Arts; no Letters; no Society; and worst of all, continuall feare and danger of violent death; and the life of man (is) solitary, poore, nasty, brutish and short."
And so in Chile, for a few short yet interminable days, restraint had broken down.
Merely Economic?
Many claim that Chile suffered from deep-rooted poverty and injustice, which explains, at least in part, why so many disaffected people broke into their neighbors' homes.
But the resulting turmoil seemed to be about more than just poverty. It seemed to be about danger and disorder, the piercing discomfort that something like this could happen at any time not just here but in New York, Paris or Shanghai.
Curiously, Hobbes based his thinking on the assumption that dictators arise because people will do nearly anything to avoid living in fear. That's how he justified dictatorship, a quid pro quo of security for freedom.
In Chile, the Law in many towns broke down to two simple rights: the right to live free from attack and the right to defend oneself if this right was violated.
So when power and phone lines went down in Concepción, many law-abiding citizens keenly felt the State's absence.
"If the government doesn't lay down a heavy hand soon" said one young mother, "the situation will soon get out of control".
In a word, this was about fear.
The Monster
In a place where many people remember what life was like under the junta, the military is a divisive symbol.
But something happened after the quake... not just about what Chileans thought about the Army, but what they thought about themselves.
In the days after the huge tremor - when aftershocks struck daily and city buildings buckled - people went to bed thinking about losing their possessions.
In towns like Arauco and Cañete - where the jolt had completely knocked out power and communication - residents prayed for the Army.
Just days before, they would have been unnerved by the sight of soldiers on the street.
The Bible
Much was exaggerated, the result of hysteria and panic; most people can't assimilate fear at such short notice.
But many Chileans sensed, more starkly than ever before, nature's nasty and brutish undertones.
In the Book of Job, it says:
"If you lay a hand on him
You will remember the struggle...
Any hope of subduing him is false;
The mere sight of him is overpowering...
When he rises, the mighty are terrified."
This terrible sea creature, Leviathan, also symbolized human nature or - put differently - who we often are in the absence of Order.
When Hobbes wrote Leviathan, his message was clear: we disobey this great force at our own peril.
Many Chileans recently had a "mere sight" of this force; it now appears the political consequences may be "overpowering" indeed.
Comments [0]

Comments [0]

Comments [0]

In Mexico, the rich and powerful enjoy privileges that common people in most nations couldn't imagine.
Where else could the governor of a state smaller than Rhode Island (Queretero) receive a bigger salary than the British prime minister?
Inequality, of course, goes beyond economics: according to a first-of-its-kind study, Mexicans recently discovered that governors and state executives can steal, embezzle and defraud taxpayer money without any possibility of prosecution.
The 2009 federal evaluation, "Public Servants’ Responsibility at the State Level", revealed that only 7 out of 32 states have laws in place that penalize governors (and their executive staff) for embezzlement, stealing or any other type of misappropriation.
As one newspaper recently stated: "Mexican governors perform their duties with complete impunity. They arise each morning knowing that they're untouchable".
Which is why in Mexico, the rich and powerful really are above the law.
The study also claimed that only 3 states - Hidalgo, Puebla and Quintano Roo - sanction the misappropriation of state funds, meaning that in 29 states, governors are immune from prosecution for stealing any type of government money.
PAN party leader Manuel Clouthier recently complained that Mexican state authorities are "totally exempt from prosecution: there's neither transparency nor accountability".
In Mexico, impunity starts at the top and permeates every niche and cranny of society.
It's part of the culture, something people "naturally" expect. Like the Aztec kings who ruled on the basis of divine right, Mexican leaders act with the knowledge that they can steal, blackmail and threaten (among other so-called "crimes") without ever being held accountable. Governors, mayors, union leaders, police officials, bureaucrats and federal politicos are all - in their own way - simply above the law.
For governors (as it turns out), there is no law!
That's the history of the nation and it continues today unabated.
Comments [0]

Among Mexico City's socioeconomic elite, there's something you learn quickly: saying what you mean and meaning what you say are not that important.
This may ring true for most politicians everywhere, but in Mexico it's not just the political class: it's a commonly understood way among most people to avoid taking a stance. Sure, most Mexicans would claim (as they do everywhere) that "telling the truth" is important, but in reality - especially Mexico City and the southeast part of the country - they place higher priority on other values.
Although dodging the truth when it doesn't suit you is a universal phenomena, Mexicans have raised truth-avoidance to an art form. In business chambers, courtrooms, conference halls and back rooms throughout the nation, people lie to an extent little known elsewhere. In fact, public discourse is measured by how much one can say without saying anything. According to one prominent Mexican investigator, "lying has always been and still is - today more than ever - the principal technique used by Mexican officials to govern."
Why are Mexican politicians and the ruling elite permitted to lie so much? There are many answers to this question, many gray shades that vary according to one's point of view, factors like lack of accountability, poor education, poverty, impunity, repression...
Everyone has a different answer. But the consequence of so many lies - and the reliance on deception by nearly every politician to effectively govern - has produced a feeling among most Mexicans that nobody can be trusted, and that the rule of law and institutions themselves are ineffective.
"Why?" asks Sara Sefchovich "have Mexicans permitted their leaders to lie to such an extent?" The answer -- based on her extensive investigation -- is that Mexicans themselves depend on lies to an extraordinary degree in their daily interactions. Put differently, Mexicans are conditioned to "give people the airplane", a strategy (perhaps "state of mind" is more accurate) to avoid saying things as they are.
"Lying is embedded in Mexican public discourse in such a deliberate, profound, conscious and systematic way that aside from its inevitability it often seems absolutely necessary".
Which is what it has become in the lives of most chilangos: an artifice necessary (or so it seems) to survive.
Comments [0]

The following quotes are from an interview with Mauricio Fernández Garza, member of one of the richest families in Mexico and current mayor of San Pedro Garza, the richest municipality in the nation.
This privileged man, now supervisor of the cradle of Nuevo Leon's elite, recently vowed publicly to rid his town of gangsters
He states his case clearly: "We mayors should have greater powers. In my case, perhaps I'll take them anyway, even if they're not given to me in any book"
Mr. Fernández has the backing of the 10 richest men and women in his state, as well as the Army, several prominent state governors, key presidential aides and every major political figure in northern Mexico.
In his own words, he shall "do everything it takes" to get the bad guys out of town - even if it means stamping on a few civil rights.
Not surprisingly, nobody (except perhaps a few frisky journalists) seems to be complaining. "We'll be subsidized by the government, but it'll also be necessary to raise funds privately. We may have to do a few things which I won't really have the authority to do but, frankly, I don't think anybody will complain".
"What if you face impeachment?" asked a journalist at a recent news conference.
"By whom?" replied Mr. Fernández.
"By citizens who disagree with you."
"But who'll know about it?" responded Mr. Fernández. "I'm saying I plan to do things, but I never said I'd give you details."
This week Mr. Fernández shall be received in Mexico City by both the Attorney General and Senate leaders to plan a project to convert San Pedro Garza Garcia into a model for every Mexican town to follow in the nation's war on drugs.
Up to now, no one has questioned Mr. Fernández's plans to take power into his own hands.
One of the journalists asked how long it would take for the promised changes to occur.
"No more extortion or bribes in my town in six months, and let me tell you this: forget about kidnappings."
"Isn't six months a short time?" asked the newspaperman.
"You're asking me and I'm telling you."
All political eyes are now on the mayor. To most of the nation's political elite, his civil rights threat is a non-issue.
As the mayor himself said: "I won't give any details now so nobody can accuse me of anything but being a good Mexican".
Comments [0]
Mine was a clamorous New York childhood spent on boardwalks and in delis between the south shore and the teeming Metropolis. Since childhood, I've strolled with Sicilians and strutted with Latins. Which explains nothing about life in a big Latin American metropolis. Cheers to a big world!